Available Images and Animations: Chemistry Unit

Chemistry Images

Acid Rain View of a forest damaged by acid rain.
Acid Rain Close up of forest damaged by Acid Rain
Aerobic Cellular Respiration Glucose metabolism
Amino Acids Examples of different functional groups on amino acids
Amino Acids - Functional Groups Three different amino acids are derived from three different functional groups.
Atom - Nitrogen Nitrogen atom showing electron shells
ATP ATP : As good as gold!
Biological Molecules Formation of carbon-carbon bond by energetic dehydration
Bond - Hydrogen Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Bond - Ionic Ionic bonds in Sodium Chloride (NaCl) - Table salt
Bond - Ionic, formation of An ionic bond can form when a metal shares and electron with a non-metal.
Bond - Peptide Linking up two amino acids by a dehydration reaction
Bonds - Breaking Carbon - carbon bond being broken by adding water and releasing energy
Breath - holding your... Drop in pH while holding breath, sensed by nerve cells and triggering breathing
Buffers The action of a buffer in resisting pH change with added base.
Carbohydrates - Functions Carbohydrates and their function
Carbohydrates - Lactose Lactose is a disaccharide -- made up of two smaller sugar molecules
Carbohydrates - Cellulose Cellulose (found in wood) and Chitin (insect shells) are polysaccharides.
Carbohydrates - Glucose, Fructose a Atomic diagrams of glucose, fructose and sucrose.
Carbohydrates : Polysaccharides Plant cell walls form wood from cellulose, a polysaccharide.
Carbohydrates : Polysaccharides Condensation and hydrolysis on starch. Corn is a good source of starch.
Carbohydrates : Polysaccharides Plant starch (amylose), plant cell walls (cellulose) and animal starch (glycogen) are compared.
Carbohydrates : Sucrose duplicate?
Carbon 14 - 1 Decay curve of C-14 and the Italian Alps
Carbon 14 - Decay curve Radioactive decay curve of C-14
Carbon atom Tetrahedral carbon atom
Cholesterol Structure of cholesterol - a major steroid of animals
Cholesterol and Fats Lipids, lipid bilayer and clogging of the arteries
Cohesion Because of hydrogen bonds, water sticks to other water molecules.
Common Elements The common elements and their symbols found in living organisms.
Coronary Plaque Close up of a cholesterol-clogged artery
Dehydration and Hydrolysis Dehydration reaction and hydrolysis
Diffusion Simple diffusion in liquid
Discovering DNA Watson and Crick in 1953 wih first model of DNA
DNA - Models A "ribbon" and space filling molecular model of DNA
Electron Shells in Water Water is formed from covalent bonds between an oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.
Electron Transport Details of electron transport on a membrane
Electrons in Helium and Nitrogen Electron shells are shown for a Helium atom and a Nitrogen atom
Electrons in Shells Energy absorbtion and release through electron position in shells.
Enzyme Mechanism Shows enzyme - substrate interaction
Fatty Acids Three common fatty acids are diagrammed
Fibrin Blood clot forms when fibrin binds red blood cells
Functional Groups Five common functional groups are presented.
Glucose Three different representations of glucose.
Glyceol and Fats How glcerol and fatty acids form a triglyceride.
Glycolysis Glucose metabolism to pyruvate.
Helium Helium showing the electron shell.
Hydrocarbon Chain An illustration of a hydrocarbon (iso-octane).
Hydrocarbon Ring A cyclic hydrocarbon. (cyclo-hexane).
Hyper- Iso- and Hypotonic Solutions Illustrates hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions.
Ice Structure Ball and stick diagram of the structure of ice
Isotopes of Carbon Nuclear models of C-12, C-13 and C-14
Italian Alps The view of the Italian Alps where Otzi (the Iceman) was found.
Lipid - Phospholipid Atomic diagram of a phospholipid.
Lipid - Rubber Atomic diagram of natural rubber (cis-polyisoprene)
Lipid - saturated Space filling model of saturated lipids.
Lipid - saturated Solid fat -- usually from animals -- is an example of a saturated fat.
Lipid - Unsaturated Oil -- is just a liquid fat (and always unsaturated).
Lipid - Unsaturated Space filling model of a unsaturated lipid.
Lipid : Examples Four examples of lipid types are illustrated.
Lipid : Phospholipid Space filling model of a phospholipid.
Lipids - Rubber A rubber tire is an example of a lipid (hydrocarbon).
Lipids : Saturated vs. Unsaturated Three types of lipids are illustrated : phospholipids, saturated lipids and unsaturated lipids.
Macromolecules Overview of Macromolecules
Macromolecules Proteins (polypeptides) and Nucleic Acids are examples of macromolecules.
Membrane Structure Key components in the plasma membrane.
Nucleic Acid A single stranded polynucleotide is presented.
Nucleic Acids : DNA and RNSA DNA is double-sided and RNA is a single chain of nucleotides.
Nucleotide A single nucleotide (base) is illustrated in ball and stick and atomic diagrams.
Nucleotide - Polynucleotide How nucleotides link up to form a polynucleotide.
Nucleotides Details of the structure of nucleotides.
Nucleotides : Pairing Illustrates how hydrogen bonding controls the pairing of nucleotides.
Osmosis Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Otzi the Iceman Otzi the Ice Man - full length photo
pH - 7 Water is neutral at pH 7.
pH - scale with liquids The pH scale indicates how basic or acidic a liquid is.
pH -10 Oven Cleaner is very basic at pH 10.
pH -3 Cola (and other carbonated soft drinks) is moderately acidic at pH 3.
pH : scale The pH scale indicates how basic or acidic a liquid is.
pH and Oxygen binding The role of pH on Oxygen binding in hemoglobin is illustrated.
Phospholipid and Cholesterol Membrane bilayer, phospholipids, cholesterol
Polarity of Water A water molecule has a separation of partial charge.
Protein - denaturation Denaturation of proteins occurs when the protein molecule changes shape and no longer functions.
Protein : Enzyme The active site of a globular protein.
Protein : 1, 2, 3th Structure Primary, Secondary and Tertiary structures of proteins are compared.
Protein : 3 and 4th levels Tertiary and Quaternary structure of protein (hemoglobin)
Protein : Chaperone Illustrates the role of a chaperone protein in correcting a misfolded protein.
Protein : Feather A Peacock's feather is largely composed of the structural protein keratin.
Protein : Functions of The many functions of proteins are displayed in a chart.
Protein : Keratin Hair is composed primarily of keratin protein.
Protein : Quaternary Structure Quaternary structure of hemoglobin.
Protein : Structural Keratin, the structural protein of hair, skin, hooves, nails, etc.
Protein : Tertiary Structure The tertiary structure of hemoglobin is illustrated.
Protein Organization The primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of protein.
Protein Sources Eggs, corn, beans and turkey all provide needed protein.
Proteins - structural What do blood clots, spider webs, hair and feathers all have in common?
Proteins : Functions The many functions of proteins
Proteins : Peptide Formation Formation of a polypeptide (short protein chain)
Radioactive Isotope C-14 dating schema
Radioactive Tracer Radioactive chemicals can be imaged in living humans, indicating various conditions.
Salt Crystals Sodium Chloride (NaCl, table salt) crystals
Salt dissolves in Water How hydrogen bonding pulls ions off the salt crystal to dissolve salt crystals,
Salt Shaker Table Salt (Na Cl, sodium chloride) is a common additive to food.
Sodium Chloride Space filling model of a salt crystal.
Sodium Ion Formation A sodium atom easily loses the outer electron and becomes the sodium ion.
Sodium reacts with Chlorine A sodium atom gives an electron to a chlorine atom and they both become ions!
Spider Web A spider web is composed of protein.
Sterol backbone All steroid contain this sterol backbone.
Sterols Two comon steroids - estrogen and testosterone (aldosterone)
Water - liquid and ice Shows the structure of water and ice with hydrogen bonding
Water : Properties The properties of water are shown in a table
Water : Surface tension A water strider can stand on top of the water due to the high surface tension of water.
Water as Salt Solvent Water as a solvent for sodium chloride
Water Drop Photograph of a water drop, showing cohesion of water molecules
Water Molecule Electron shells are shown for a water molecule, including the polarity of water.
Water molecules Water on a spider's web, showing cohesion of water molecules

Chemistry Animations

Amino Acids Different types of amino acids are shown in structural formulae
ATP Compare a ball and stick model with a structural formula for ATP
ATP Cycle Shows the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP and the reverse.
Types of Chemical Bonds The different types of chemical bonds found in biological systems
Cholesterol The sterol backbone is shown in a cholesterol molecule.
Salt Dissolving in Water See what happens when salt dissolves in water
DNA Subunits Shows the chemical details of the bases in DNA
Enzyme and Substrate Enzyme / substrate interaction
Enzyme and Temperature Visualizes the effect of temperature on enzyme action
Fatty Acids Illustrates saturated and unsaturatd bonds in fatty acids.
Functional Groups The concept of a functional group is presented
Glycolysis Glycolysis is detailed showing the involvemnet of ATP
Hemoglogin - Quaternary Structure Quaternary structure of hemoglobin.
Mass Number Atomic number and Atomic mass number are explained.
Peptide Bonding Details of the formation of peptide bonds are given
pH Meter Displays the pH of various common liquids.
Phospholipids The parts of a phospholipid molecule are described.
Reaction Types Condensation and hydrolysis reactions are presented.
Protein Stucture - Secondary and Tertiary Secondary and Tertiary Structure of Proteins Explained
Starch and Cellulose Amylose and Cellulose are described and contrasted.
Triglycerides How triglycerides are formed from glycerol and fatty acids.
Polarity of Water The polarity of water is explained.

Acid Rain	View of a forest damaged by acid rain.
Acid Rain	Close up of forest damaged by Acid Rain
Aerobic Cellular Respiration	Glucose metabolism
Amino Acids	Examples of different functional groups on amino acids
Amino Acids - Functional Groups	Three different amino acids are derived from three different functional groups.
Atom - Nitrogen	Nitrogen atom showing electron shells
ATP	ATP : As good as gold!
Biological Molecules	Formation of carbon-carbon bond by energetic dehydration
Bond - Hydrogen	Hydrogen bonds between water molecules
Bond - Ionic	Ionic bonds in Sodium Chloride (NaCl) - Table salt
Bond - Ionic, formation of	An ionic bond can form when a metal shares and electron with a non-metal.
Bond - Peptide	Linking up two amino acids by a dehydration reaction
Bonds - Breaking	Carbon - carbon bond being broken by adding water and releasing energy
Breath - holding your...	Drop in pH while holding breath, sensed by nerve cells and triggering breathing
Buffers	The action of a buffer in resisting pH change with added base.
Carbohydrates - Functions	Carbohydrates and their function
Carbohydrates - Lactose	Lactose is a disaccharide -- made up of two smaller sugar molecules
Carbohydrates - Cellulose	Cellulose (found in wood) and Chitin (insect shells) are polysaccharides.
Carbohydrates - Glucose, Fructose a	Atomic diagrams of glucose, fructose and sucrose.
Carbohydrates : Polysaccharides	Plant cell walls form wood from cellulose, a polysaccharide.
Carbohydrates : Polysaccharides	Condensation and hydrolysis on starch. Corn is a good source of starch.
Carbohydrates : Polysaccharides	Plant starch (amylose), plant cell walls (cellulose) and animal starch (glycogen) are compared.
Carbohydrates : Sucrose	duplicate?
Carbon 14 - 1	Decay curve of C-14 and the Italian Alps
Carbon 14 - Decay curve	Radioactive decay curve of C-14
Carbon atom	Tetrahedral carbon atom
Cholesterol	Structure of cholesterol - a major steroid of animals
Cholesterol and Fats	Lipids, lipid bilayer and clogging of the arteries
Cohesion	Because of hydrogen bonds, water sticks to other water molecules.
Common Elements	The common elements and their symbols found in living organisms.
Coronary Plaque	Close up of a cholesterol-clogged artery
Dehydration and Hydrolysis	Dehydration reaction and hydrolysis
Diffusion	Simple diffusion in liquid
Discovering DNA	Watson and Crick in 1953 wih first model of DNA
DNA - Models	A "ribbon" and space filling molecular model of DNA
Electron Shells in Water	Water is formed from covalent bonds between an oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.
Electron Transport	Details of electron transport on a membrane
Electrons in Helium and Nitrogen	Electron shells are shown for a Helium atom and a Nitrogen atom
Electrons in Shells	Energy absorbtion and release through electron position in shells.
Enzyme Mechanism	Shows enzyme - substrate interaction
Fatty Acids	Three common fatty acids are diagrammed
Fibrin	Blood clot forms when fibrin binds red blood cells
Functional Groups	Five common functional groups are presented.
Glucose	Three different representations of glucose.
Glyceol and Fats	How glcerol and fatty acids form a triglyceride.
Glycolysis	Glucose metabolism to pyruvate.
Helium	Helium showing the electron shell.
Hydrocarbon Chain	An illustration of a hydrocarbon (iso-octane).
Hydrocarbon Ring	A cyclic hydrocarbon. (cyclo-hexane).
Hyper- Iso- and Hypotonic Solutions	Illustrates hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic solutions.
Ice Structure	Ball and stick diagram of the structure of ice
Isotopes of Carbon	Nuclear models of C-12, C-13 and C-14
Italian Alps	The view of the Italian Alps where Otzi (the Iceman) was found.
Lipid - Phospholipid	Atomic diagram of a phospholipid.
Lipid - Rubber	Atomic diagram of natural rubber (cis-polyisoprene)
Lipid - saturated	Space filling model of saturated lipids.
Lipid - saturated	Solid fat -- usually from animals -- is an example of a saturated fat.
Lipid - Unsaturated	Oil -- is just a liquid fat (and always unsaturated).
Lipid - Unsaturated	Space filling model of a unsaturated lipid.
Lipid : Examples	Four examples of lipid types are illustrated.
Lipid : Phospholipid	Space filling model of a phospholipid.
Lipids - Rubber	A rubber tire is an example of a lipid (hydrocarbon).
Lipids : Saturated vs. Unsaturated	Three types of lipids are illustrated : phospholipids, saturated lipids and unsaturated lipids.
Macromolecules	Overview of Macromolecules
Macromolecules	Proteins (polypeptides) and Nucleic Acids are examples of macromolecules.
Membrane Structure	Key components in the plasma membrane.
Nucleic Acid	A single stranded polynucleotide is presented.
Nucleic Acids : DNA and RNSA	DNA is double-sided and RNA is a single chain of nucleotides.
Nucleotide	A single nucleotide (base) is illustrated in ball and stick and atomic diagrams.
Nucleotide - Polynucleotide	How nucleotides link up to form a polynucleotide.
Nucleotides	Details of the structure of nucleotides.
Nucleotides : Pairing	Illustrates how hydrogen bonding controls the pairing of nucleotides.
Osmosis	Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane.
Otzi the Iceman	Otzi the Ice Man - full length photo
pH - 7	Water is neutral at pH 7.
pH - scale with liquids	The pH scale indicates how basic or acidic a liquid is.
pH -10	Oven Cleaner is very basic at pH 10.
pH -3	Cola (and other carbonated soft drinks) is moderately acidic at pH 3.
pH : scale	The pH scale indicates how basic or acidic a liquid is.
pH and Oxygen binding	The role of pH on Oxygen binding in hemoglobin is illustrated.
Phospholipid and Cholesterol	Membrane bilayer, phospholipids, cholesterol
Polarity of Water	A water molecule has a separation of partial charge.
Protein - denaturation	Denaturation of proteins occurs when the protein molecule changes shape and no longer functions.
Protein : Enzyme	The active site of a globular protein.
Protein : 1, 2, 3th Structure	Primary, Secondary and Tertiary structures of proteins are compared.
Protein : 3 and 4th levels	Tertiary and Quaternary structure of protein (hemoglobin)
Protein : Chaperone	Illustrates the role of a chaperone protein in correcting a misfolded protein.
Protein : Feather	A Peacock's feather is largely composed of the structural protein keratin.
Protein : Functions of	The many functions of proteins are displayed in a chart.
Protein : Keratin	Hair is composed primarily of keratin protein.
Protein : Quaternary Structure	Quaternary structure of hemoglobin.
Protein : Structural	Keratin, the structural protein of hair, skin, hooves, nails, etc.
Protein : Tertiary Structure	The tertiary structure of hemoglobin is illustrated.
Protein Organization	The primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary structure of protein.
Protein Sources	Eggs, corn, beans and turkey all provide needed protein.
Proteins - structural	What do blood clots, spider webs, hair and feathers all have in common?
Proteins : Functions	The many functions of proteins
Proteins : Peptide Formation	Formation of a polypeptide (short protein chain)
Radioactive Isotope	C-14 dating schema
Radioactive Tracer	Radioactive chemicals can be imaged in living humans, indicating various conditions.
Salt Crystals	Sodium Chloride (NaCl, table salt) crystals
Salt dissolves in Water	How hydrogen bonding pulls ions off the salt crystal to dissolve salt crystals,
Salt Shaker	Table Salt (Na Cl, sodium chloride) is a common additive to food.
Sodium Chloride	Space filling model of a salt crystal.
Sodium Ion Formation	A sodium atom easily loses the outer electron and becomes the sodium ion.
Sodium reacts with Chlorine	A sodium atom gives an electron to a chlorine atom and they both become ions!
Spider Web	A spider web is composed of protein.
Sterol backbone	All steroid contain this sterol backbone.
Sterols	Two comon steroids - estrogen and testosterone (aldosterone)
Water - liquid and ice	Shows the structure of water and ice with hydrogen bonding
Water : Properties	The properties of water are shown in a table
Water : Surface tension	A water strider can stand on top of the water due to the high surface tension of water.
Water as Salt Solvent	Water as a solvent for sodium chloride
Water Drop	Photograph of a water drop, showing cohesion of water molecules
Water Molecule	Electron shells are shown for a water molecule, including the polarity of water.
Water molecules	Water on a spider's web, showing cohesion of water molecules

Amino Acids	Different types of amino acids are shown in structural formulae
ATP	Compare a ball and stick model with a structural formula for ATP
ATP Cycle	Shows the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP and the reverse.
Types of Chemical Bonds	The different types of chemical bonds found in biological systems
Cholesterol	The sterol backbone is shown in a cholesterol molecule.
Salt Dissolving in Water	See what happens when salt dissolves in water
DNA Subunits	Shows the chemical details of the bases in DNA
Enzyme and Substrate	Enzyme / substrate interaction
Enzyme and Temperature	Visualizes the effect of temperature on enzyme action
Fatty Acids	Illustrates saturated and unsaturatd bonds in fatty acids.
Functional Groups	The concept of a functional group is presented
Glycolysis	Glycolysis is detailed showing the involvemnet of ATP
Hemoglogin - Quaternary Structure	Quaternary structure of hemoglobin.
Mass Number	Atomic number and Atomic mass number are explained.
Peptide Bonding	Details of the formation of peptide bonds are given
pH Meter	Displays the pH of various common liquids.
Phospholipids	The parts of a phospholipid molecule are described.
Reaction Types	Condensation and hydrolysis reactions are presented.
Protein Stucture - Secondary and Tertiary	Secondary and Tertiary Structure of Proteins Explained
Starch and Cellulose	Amylose and Cellulose are described and contrasted.
Triglycerides	How triglycerides are formed from glycerol and fatty acids.
Polarity of Water	The polarity of water is explained.